Reviews
Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin as an Immunomodulator in Endocrine Hypertension
Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin as an Immunomodulator in Endocrine Hypertension
Araos P., and Amador C.A. Front. Endocrinol. 13:1006790.
In recent studies, primary aldosteronism (PA) has been reported as the most common etiology for secondary hypertension of endocrine origin, accounting for approximately 10% of cases. In PA, excess aldosterone production can lead to deleterious effects at the cardiovascular (CV) and renal levels by activating mineralocorticoid receptors, which involves an increase in pro-inflammatoryand pro-fibrotic mediators. Among these mediators…
Oxidized Albumin as a Mediator of Kidney Disease
Oxidized Albumin as a Mediator of Kidney Disease
Figueroa S.M., Araos P., Reyes J., Gravez B., Barrera-Chimal J., Amador C.A. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (3): 404.
Renal diseases are a global health concern, and nearly 24% of kidney disease patients are overweight or obese. Particularly, increased body mass index has been correlated with oxidative stress and urinary albumin excretion in kidney disease patients, also contributing to increased cardiovascular risk. Albumin is the main plasma protein and is able to partially cross the glomerular filtration barrier, being reabsorbed mainly by the proximal tubule…
Is the Sodium an Activator of Immune System in Hypertension?
Is the Sodium an Activator of Immune System in Hypertension?
Araos P., Amador C.A. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res. 2021; 25564-25567.
The sodium plays an essential role in human homeostasis and it has been described that a 30-50% of hypertensive patients are sensible to changes in their blood pressure after dietary high sodium intake. The last 20 years have been very active in trying to answer how the immune cells participate in hypertension, where the implications of increased sodium salt intake on the activation of the immune system have not been fully clarified…
The Role of Neutrophils in Hypertension
The Role of Neutrophils in Hypertension
Araos P., Figueroa S., Amador C.A. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21, 8536. PMID: 33198361
It is well accepted that the immune system and some cells from adaptive and innate immunity are necessary for the initiation/perpetuation of arterial hypertension (AH). However, whether neutrophils are part of this group remains debatable. There is evidence showing that the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio correlates with AH and is higher in non-dipper patients. On the other hand, the experimental neutrophil depletion…
Intrarenal Hormonal Regulation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A New Vision to Face its Treatment and Prevention
The Advantages of Polymeric Hydrogels in Calcineurin Inhibitor Delivery
Sandoval-Yañez C., Escobar L., Amador C.A. Processes. 2020; 8, 1331.
In recent years, polymeric hydrogels (PolyHy) have been extensively explored for their applications in biomedicine as biosensors, in tissue engineering, diagnostic processes, and drug release. The physical and chemical properties of PolyHy indicate their potential use in regulating drug delivery. Calcineurin inhibitors, particularly cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus (TAC), are two important immunosuppressor drugs prescribed…
Intrarenal Hormonal Regulation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A New Vision to Face its Treatment and Prevention
Intrarenal Hormonal Regulation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A New Vision to Face its Treatment and Prevention
Figueroa S.M., Amador C.A. Salud y Administración. 2018; 5(15): 45-50.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem with an increasing prevalence and difficulty to diagnose. This has led to different research initiatives with objectives to study its causes and consequences. In this sense, in vivo experimental models have allowed us to characterize its physiopathology. This evolves from early inflammatory processes with hemodynamic alterations to an evident deterioration of renal function…
Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor and blood pressure regulation.
Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor and blood pressure regulation.
Tarjus A., Amador C.A., Michea L., Jaisser F. Current Opinion in Pharmacology. 2015; 21: 138-144. PMID: 25733376
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a major regulator of blood pressure by modulating sodium balance and blood volume in the distal nephron. The discovery of MR expression in both endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells a decade ago raised questions about its role in the vascular wall and its involvement in blood pressure regulation. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies have shown that vascular MR is involved in …
Aldosterone as a modulator of immunity: implications in the organ damage.
Aldosterone as a modulator of immunity: implications in the organ damage.
Herrada A., Campino C., Amador C.A., Michea L., Fardella C., Kalergis A. The Journal of Hypertension. 2011; 29 (9): 1684-1692. PMID: 21826023
High plasmatic levels of aldosterone cause hypertension and contribute to progressive organ damage to the heart, vasculature, and kidneys. Recent studies have demonstrated a role for the immune system in these pathological processes. Aldosterone promotes an inflammatory state characterized by vascular infiltration of immune cells, reactive oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokine production. Further, cells of the adaptive immune system…
Regulation of the sodium-phosphate cotransporter Pit-1 and its role in vascular calcification.
Regulation of the sodium-phosphate cotransporter Pit-1 and its role in vascular calcification.
González M., Martínez R., Amador C.A., Michea L. Curr Vasc Pharmacol, 2009; 7(4): 506-12. PMID: 19485893
Vascular calcification is caused by the deposition of basic calcium phosphate crystals in blood vessels, myocardium, and/or cardiac valves. Calcification decreases artery wall compliance, and arterial calcification is associated to mortality in hyperphosphatemic renal failure and diabetes mellitus. The calcification of the tunica media characterizes the arteriosclerosis observed with age, diabetes and end stage-renal disease, and it can….